ch ang ing you r oppon en t's  w ord s  or  w hat  he  or  sh e  se e k s  to  prov e. 
E xam ple :  C all  so m eth ing by  a diff ere n t  nam e:  "good  re pu te " i nstea d o f "hono r," " vir tu e" i nste ad o f 
" v ir g in it y, " " re d -b lood ed "  in ste ad o f "v erte b ra te s" . 
  7
 
S ta te  you r propo siti on  and  sho w th e  tr u th o f it  by  ask ing  th e  oppon en t m any qu estion s. 
B y  ask ing  many  wid e-r ea ch ing qu esti on s at  on ce , you  may h id e  w hat  you  wan t t o g et  ad m itt ed.  
T hen you qu ic k ly p ropound  th e  argu men t  re su lti ng  from t he  propon en t's  ad mi ssion s. 
  8  
M ak e  you r oppon en t  ang ry.  
A n  ang ry  pers on  is  le ss  ca p ab le  of  usin g  judg men t  or  perc eiv ing  where  his  or  her  adv an ta g e  lies. 
  9
 
U se  you r op pon en t's  an sw ers  to you r qu esti on  to  re ac h d if fe re n t  or  ev en oppo site  con clu sion s. 
  P
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10
 
If  you oppon en t  an sw ers  all  you r qu esti on s neg ativ ely  and  re fu se s  to g ra n t  you  any po in ts ,  ask h im 
o r  her  to  con ce d e  th e  oppo sit e  of  you r pre m is e s. 
T his  m ay  con fu se  th e  oppon en t  as  to  whic h po in t  yo u  ac tu all y  se e k h im t o con ce d e. 
  11
 
If  th e  oppon en t  gra n ts  you  th e  tr u th o f so m e of  you r pre mi se s,  re fr ain  from  ask ing h im or  her  to 
a g re e  to you r con clu sion.  
L ate r,  in tr odu ce  you r con clu sion s as  a  se tt le d  and  ad m itt ed  fac t. 
Y ou r oppon en t  and o th ers  in  att e nd an ce  m ay  co m e to b elie v e  th at  you r con clu sion  was  ad mi tt e d . 
  12  
If  th e  argu men t t urn s  upon g en era l  id eas  w ith no p arti c u la r  nam es, you  must  use  la ngu ag e  or  a 
m eta pho r th at i s fa vo ra b le  to you r propo sit io n.  
E xam ple :  W hat  an  im parti al  pers on  wou ld  ca ll " pub lic  w ors h ip "  or  a  "sy ste m  of    
    
		
	
	
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