The Religion of the Ancient Celts | Page 2

thank Miss Turner and Miss Annie Gilchrist for valuable help
rendered in the work of research, and the London Library for obtaining
for me several works not already in its possession. Its stores are an
invaluable aid to all students working at a distance from libraries.
J.A. MACCULLOCH.
THE RECTORY, BRIDGE OF ALLAN, October 1911.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] See also my article "Celts" in Hastings' _Encyclopædia of Religion
and Ethics_, vol. iii.
[TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE: Throughout this book, some characters are
used which are not part of the Latin-1 character set used in this e-book.
The string "[^y]" is used to represent a lower-case "Y" with a
circumflex mark on top of it, "[=a]" is used to represent a lower-case
"A" with a line on top of it, and "[oe]" is used to represent the
"oe"-ligature. Numbers in braces such as "{3}" are used to represent
the superscription of numbers, which was used in the book to give
edition numbers to books.]

CONTENTS
CHAP. PAGE
I. INTRODUCTORY 1 II. THE CELTIC PEOPLE 8 III. THE GODS
OF GAUL AND THE CONTINENTAL CELTS 22 IV. THE IRISH
MYTHOLOGICAL CYCLE 49 V. THE TUATHA DÉ DANANN 63
VI. THE GODS OF THE BRYTHONS 95 VII. THE CÚCHULAINN
CYCLE 127 VIII. THE FIONN SAGA 142 IX. GODS AND MEN 158
X. THE CULT OF THE DEAD 165 XI. PRIMITIVE NATURE
WORSHIP 171 XII. RIVER AND WELL WORSHIP 181 XIII. TREE
AND PLANT WORSHIP 198 XIV. ANIMAL WORSHIP 208 XV.
COSMOGONY 227 XVI. SACRIFICE, PRAYER, AND
DIVINATION 233 XVII. TABU 252 XVIII. FESTIVALS 256 XIX.
ACCESSORIES OF CULT 279 XX. THE DRUIDS 293 XXI. MAGIC
319 XXII. THE STATE OF THE DEAD 333 XXIII. REBIRTH AND
TRANSMIGRATION 348 XXIV. ELYSIUM 362

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE NOTES
THROUGHOUT THIS WORK
(_This list is not a Bibliography._)
BRAND: Rev. J. Brand, _Observations on the Popular Antiquities of
Great Britain._ 3 vols. 1870.
BLANCHET: A. Blanchet, _Traité des monnaies gauloises._ 2 vols.
Paris, 1905.
BERTRAND: A. Bertrand, _Religion des gaulois._ Paris, 1897.
CAMPBELL, _WHT_: J.F. Campbell, _Popular Tales of the West
Highlands._ 4 vols. Edinburgh, 1890.
CAMPBELL _LF_: J.F. Campbell, _Leabhar na Feinne._ London,

1872.
CAMPBELL, _Superstitions_: J.G. Campbell, _Superstitions of the
Highlands and Islands of Scotland._ 1900.
CAMPBELL, _Witchcraft_: J.G. Campbell, _Witchcraft and Second
Sight in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland._ 1902.
CORMAC: _Cormac's Glossary._ Tr. by J. O'Donovan. Ed. by W.
Stokes. Calcutta, 1868.
COURCELLE--SENEUIL.: J.L. Courcelle-Seneuil, _Les dieux gaulois
d'après les monuments figurés._ Paris, 1910.
_CIL_: _Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum._ Berlin, 1863 f.
_CM_: _Celtic Magazine._ Inverness, 1875 f.
CURTIN, _HTI_: J. Curtin, _Hero Tales of Ireland._ 1894.
CURTIN, _Tales_: J. Curtin, _Tales of the Fairies and Ghost World._
1895.
DALZELL: Sir J.G. Dalzell, _Darker Superstitions of Scotland._ 1835.
D'ARBOIS: H. D'Arbois de Jubainville, _Cours de litterature celtique._
12 vols. Paris, 1883-1902.
D'ARBOIS _Les Celtes_: H. D'Arbois de Jubainville, _Les Celtes._
Paris, 1904.
D'ARBOIS _Les Druides_: H. D'Arbois de Jubainville, _Les Druides et
les dieux celtiques à formes d'animaux._ Paris, 1906.
D'ARBOIS _PH_: H. D'Arbois de Jubainville, _Les premiers habitants
de l'Europe._ 2 vols. Paris, 1889-1894.
DOM MARTIN: Dom Martin, _Le religion des gaulois._ 2 vols. Paris,
1727.

DOTTIN: G. Dottin, _Manuel pour servir a l'étude de l'antiquité
celtique._ Paris, 1906.
ELTON: C.I. Elton, _Origins of English History._ London, 1890.
FRAZER, _GB_{2}: J.G. Frazer, _Golden Bough_{2}. 3 vols. 1900.
GUEST: Lady Guest, _The Mabinogion._ 3 vols. Llandovery, 1849.
HAZLITT: W.C. Hazlitt, _Faiths and Folk-lore: A Dictionary of
National Beliefs, Superstitions, and Popular Customs._ 2 vols. 1905.
HOLDER: A. Holder, _Altceltischer Sprachschatz._ 3 vols. Leipzig,
1891 f.
HULL: Miss E. Hull, _The Cuchullin Saga._ London, 1898.
_IT_: See Windisch-Stokes.
_JAI_: _Journal of the Anthropological Institute._ London, 1871 f.
JOYCE, _OCR_: P.W. Joyce, _Old Celtic Romances_{2}. London,
1894.
JOYCE, _PN_: P.W. Joyce, _History of Irish Names of Places_{4}. 2
vols. London, 1901.
JOYCE, _SH_: P.W. Joyce, _Social History of Ancient Ireland._ 2 vols.
London, 1903.
JULLIAN: C. Jullian, _Recherches sur la religion gauloise._ Bordeaux,
1903.
KEATING: Keating, _History of Ireland._ Tr. O'Mahony. London,
1866.
KENNEDY: P. Kennedy, _Legendary Fictions of the Irish Celts._
1866.

LARMINIE: W. Larminie, _West Irish Folk-Tales and Romances._
1893.
LEAHY: Leahy, _Heroic Romances of Ireland._ 2 vols. London, 1905.
LE BRAZ: A. Le Braz, _La Legende de la Mort chez les Bretons
armoricains._ 2 vols. Paris, 1902.
_LL_: Leabhar Laignech (Book of Leinster), facsimile reprint. London,
1880.
LOTH: Loth, _Le Mabinogion._ 2 vols. Paris, 1889.
_LU_: _Leabhar na h-Uidhre_ (Book of the Dun Cow), facsimile
reprint. London, 1870.
MACBAIN: A. MacBain, _Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic
Language._ Inverness, 1896.
MACDOUGALL: Macdougall, _Folk and Hero Tales._ London, 1891.
MACKINLAY: J.M. Mackinlay, _Folk-lore of Scottish Lochs and
Springs._ Glasgow, 1893.
MARTIN: M. Martin, _Description of the Western Islands of
Scotland_{2}. London, 1716.
MAURY: A. Maury, _Croyances et legendes du Moyen Age._ Paris,
1896.
MONNIER: D. Monnier, _Traditions