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OLD INDIAN LEGENDS 
OLD INDIAN LEGENDS 
RETOLD BY ZITKALA-SA 
 
ITKALA-SA. 
 
CONTENTS 
IKTOMI AND THE DUCKS IKTOMI'S BLANKET IKTOMI AND 
THE MUSKRAT IKTOMI AND THE COYOTE IKTOMI AND THE 
FAWN THE BADGER AND THE BEAR THE TREE-BOUND 
SHOOTING OF THE RED EAGLE IKTOMI AND THE TURTLE 
DANCE IN A BUFFALO SKULL THE TOAD AND THE BOY IYA, 
THE CAMP-EATER MANSTIN, THE RABBIT THE WARLIKE 
SEVEN 
 
IKTOMI AND THE DUCKS
1 
 
OLD INDIAN LEGENDS 
 
IKTOMI AND THE DUCKS 
IKTOMI is a spider fairy. He wears brown deerskin leggins with long 
soft fringes on either side, and tiny beaded moccasins on his feet. His 
long black hair is parted in the middle and wrapped with red, red bands. 
Each round braid hangs over a small brown ear and falls forward over 
his shoulders. 
He even paints his funny face with red and yellow, and draws big black 
rings around his eyes. He wears a deerskin jacket, with bright colored 
beads sewed tightly on it. Iktomi dresses like a real Dakota brave. In 
truth, his paint and deerskins are the best part of him--if ever dress is 
part of man or fairy. 
Iktomi is a wily fellow. His hands are always kept in mischief. He 
prefers to spread a snare rather than to earn the smallest thing with 
honest hunting. Why! he laughs outright with wide open mouth when 
some simple folk are caught in a trap, sure and fast. 
He never dreams another lives so bright as he. Often his own conceit 
leads him hard against the common sense of simpler people. 
Poor Iktomi cannot help being a little imp. And so long as he is a 
naughty fairy, he cannot find a single friend. No one helps him when he 
is in trouble. No one really loves him. Those who come to admire his 
handsome beaded jacket and long fringed leggins soon go away sick 
and tired of his vain, vain words and heartless laughter. 
Thus Iktomi lives alone in a cone-shaped wigwam upon the plain. One 
day he sat hungry within his teepee. Suddenly he rushed out, dragging 
after him his blanket. Quickly spreading it on the ground, he tore up
dry tall grass with both his hands and tossed it fast into the blanket. 
Tying all the four corners together in a knot, he threw the light bundle 
of grass over his shoulder. 
Snatching up a slender willow stick with his free left hand, he started 
off with a hop and a leap. From side to side bounced the bundle on his 
back, as he ran light-footed over the uneven ground. Soon he came to 
the edge of the great level land. On the hilltop he paused for breath. 
With wicked smacks of his dry parched lips, as if tasting some tender 
meat, he looked straight into space toward the marshy river bottom. 
With a thin palm shading his eyes from the western sun, he peered far 
away into the lowlands, munching his own cheeks all the while. 
"Ah-ha!" grunted he, satisfied with what he saw. 
A group of wild ducks were dancing and feasting in the marshes. With 
wings outspread, tip to tip, they moved up and down in a large circle. 
Within the ring, around a small drum, sat the chosen singers, nodding 
their heads and blinking their eyes. 
They sang in unison a merry dance-song, and beat a lively tattoo on the 
drum. 
Following a winding footpath near by, came a bent figure of a Dakota 
brave. He bore on his back a very large bundle. With a willow cane he 
propped himself up as he staggered along beneath his burden. 
"Ho! who is there?" called out a curious old duck, still bobbing up and 
down in the circular dance. 
Hereupon the drummers stretched their necks till they strangled their 
song for a look at the stranger passing by. 
"Ho, Iktomi! Old fellow, pray tell us what you carry in your blanket. 
Do not hurry off! Stop! halt!" urged one of the singers. 
"Stop! stay! Show us what is in your blanket!" cried out other voices.
"My friends, I must not spoil your dance. Oh, you would not care to see 
if you