more 
breadth than a little chapel is made upon, the which the three 
worshipful kings did build of stone and timber. And there be about this 
hill many steps upon which men go up to the chapel on high, and also 
there grew many good trees and herbs and divers spices all about the 
hill--for else men might not well go upon this hill because it is so high 
and so narrow. There is also a pillar of stone made above this chapel, of 
wondrous height, and in the head of the pillar standeth a great star, well 
made of gilt, and which turneth with the wind as a vane: and through 
the light of the sun by day, and of the moon by night, this star gives 
light a great way about the country. And many other marvels are 
spoken of this hill of Vaws, the which were long to tell. 
Now when the time of grace was come, that God would have mercy on 
all mankind, in which time the Father of Heaven sent down his Son to 
take flesh and blood and to be born a man for salvation of all the world: 
in that time Octavianus, that was Emperor of Rome, sent out a
commandment that all the people within his empire should be counted 
and taxed; and every man went forth from his dwelling-place into his 
native country. Then came Joseph up from Nazareth unto Bethlehem 
the city of David, because he was of the household and race of King 
David, and with him came Mary that was his wife, and also great with 
child. 
And you shall understand that Bethlehem was never of much reputation, 
neither a place of great quantity. It hath a good site and good ground, 
for there be many caves and dens under the earth thereabout; and it is 
distant from Jerusalem but two little miles; and it is but a castle, but is 
called a city because King David was born there. And in that town was 
sometime a house which belonged to Isai, the father of David, where 
David was born and anointed into the kingdom of Israel by Samuel the 
prophet. And in this same dwelling was the Son of Heaven born of 
Mary. 
And this same house was at the end of a street that was in that time 
called the Covered Street, because, to keep out the great heat and 
burning of the sun, this street was canopied above with black cloths and 
other things,--for such is the use in that country always. And here was 
wont to be great bargaining, or a fair once a week of old clothes; and 
specially of trees or timber, by the little house which stood before a den 
under the earth, made and shaped like a little cellar, where Isai and 
others that dwelt there after him put certain necessaries that belonged to 
the household, against the heat of the sun. It is also the manner in all 
that country that there be certain houses, the which be called there 
alchan, that we call hostelries, and in these houses be mules, horses, 
asses, and camels always ready, that, if so that any merchant or any 
man that travelled by the way, be it far or near, need any beast for 
himself, or for his merchandise, then he goeth to such a house and there 
he may hire a horse, or what beast that he will, for a certain price. And 
when he hath such a beast then he goeth from that city to another, 
where to abide and rest him for a time. Then he dischargeth his beast of 
his burden, and so sendeth him to a house called there also alchan; and 
the master of the house giveth his beast meat, and, when he may, he 
sendeth it home to the same place that it came from.
And such a house was, before the birth of Christ, in the place where 
Christ was born; but, about the time of the Nativity, that house was all 
destroyed, insomuch that there was nothing left but broken walls on 
every side, and a little cave under earth, and a little unthrifty house 
before the cave: and there men sold bread on the same ground; for it is 
the usage in all that country that all the bread that is sold shall be 
brought unto a certain place. 
Now when Octavianus had sent out a commandment as it is aforesaid, 
then went Joseph and Mary riding on an ass, late in the eventide, 
toward the city of Bethlehem, and because they came so late, and all 
places were occupied with pilgrims and other men, and also because 
they came in poor array and went about the city, none would receive 
them, and specially,    
    
		
	
	
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