Holland - The History of the Netherlands

Thomas Colley Grattan
Holland, by Thomas Colley
Grattan

The Project Gutenberg EBook of Holland, by Thomas Colley Grattan
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net
Title: Holland The History of the Netherlands
Author: Thomas Colley Grattan
Release Date: January 3, 2004 [EBook #10583]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HOLLAND
***

Produced by Robert J. Hall

[Illustration: THE DUKE OF ALVA DEPOSES MARGARET OF
PARMA]

HOLLAND
THE HISTORY OF THE NETHERLANDS
BY THOMAS COLLEY GRATTAN
WITH A SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER OF RECENT EVENTS BY
JULIAN HAWTHORNE

CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
FROM THE INVASION OF THE NETHERLANDS BY THE
ROMANS TO THE INVASION BY THE SALIAN FRANKS
B.C. 50--A.D. 250
Extent of the Kingdom--Description of the People--Ancient State of the
Low Countries--Of the High Grounds--Contrasted with the present
Aspect of the Country--Expedition of Julius Cæsar--The Belgæ--The
Menapians--Batavians--Distinguished among the Auxiliaries of
Rome--Decrease of national Feeling in Part of the Country-- Steady
Patriotism of the Frisons and Menapians--Commencement of
Civilization--Early Formation of the Dikes--Degeneracy of those who
became united to the Romans--Invasion of the Netherlands by the
Salian Franks.
CHAPTER II
FROM THE SETTLEMENT OF THE FRANKS TO THE
SUBJUGATION OF FRIESLAND BY THE FRENCH
A.D. 250--800
Character of the Franks--The Saxon Tribes--Destruction of the Salians
by a Saxon Tribe--Julian the Apostate--Victories of Clovis in

Gaul--Contrast between the Low Countries and the Provinces of
France--State of Friesland--Charles Martell--Friesland converted to
Christianity--Finally subdued by France.
CHAPTER III
FROM THE CONQUEST OF FRIESLAND TO THE FORMATION
OF HOLLAND
A.D. 800--1000
Commencement of the Feudal System in the Highlands--Flourishing
State of the Low Countries--Counts of the Empire--Formation of the
Gilden or Trades--Establishment of popular Privileges in Friesland--In
what they consisted--Growth of Ecclesiastical Power--Baldwin of
Flanders--Created Count--Appearance of the Normans--They ravage
the Netherlands--Their Destruction, and final Disappearance--Division
of the Empire into Higher and Lower Lorraine--Establishment of the
Counts of Lorraine and Hainault--Increasing Power of the Bishops of
Liege and Utrecht--Their Jealousy of the Counts; who resist their
Encroachments.
CHAPTER IV
FROM THE FORMATION OF HOLLAND TO THE DEATH OF
LOUIS DE MALE
A.D. 1018--1384
Origin of Holland--Its first Count--Aggrandizement of Flanders--Its
growing Commerce--Fisheries--Manufactures--Formation of the
County of Guelders, and of Brabant--State of Friesland--State of the
Provinces--The Crusades--Their good Effects on the State of the
Netherlands--Decline of the Feudal Power, and Growth of the Influence
of the Towns--Great Prosperity of the Country--The Flemings take up
Arms against the French--Drive them out of Bruges, and defeat them in
the Battle of Courtrai--Popular Success in Brabant--Its Confederation
with Flanders--Rebellion of Bruges against the Count, and of Ghent

under James d' Artaveldt--His Alliance with England--His Power, and
Death--Independence of Flanders--Battle of Roosbeke--Philip the Bold,
Duke of Burgundy, obtains the Sovereignty of Flanders.
CHAPTER V
FROM THE SUCCESSION OF PHILIP THE BOLD TO THE
COUNTY OF FLANDERS TO THE DEATH OF PHILIP THE FAIR
A.D. 1384--1506
Philip succeeds to the Inheritance of Brabant--Makes War on England
as a French Prince, Flanders remaining neuter--Power of the Houses of
Burgundy and Bavaria, and Decline of Public Liberty--Union of
Holland, Hainault, and Brabant--Jacqueline, Countess of Holland and
Hainault--Flies from the Tyranny of her Husband, John of Brabant, and
takes Refuge in England--Murder of John the Fearless, Duke of
Burgundy--Accession of his Son, Philip the Good--His
Policy--Espouses the Cause of John of Brabant against
Jacqueline--Deprives her of Hainault, Holland, and Zealand--Continues
his Persecution, and despoils her of her last Possession and Titles--She
marries a Gentleman of Zealand, and Dies--Peace or Arras--Dominions
of the House of Burgundy equal to the present Extent of the Kingdom
of the Netherlands--Rebellion of Ghent--Affairs of Holland and
Zealand--Charles the Rash--His Conduct in Holland--Succeeds his
Father--Effects of Philip's Reign on the Manners of the People-- Louis
XI.--Death of Charles, and Succession of Mary--Factions among her
Subjects--Marries Maximilian of Austria--Battle of Guinegate--Death
of Mary--Maximilian unpopular--Imprisoned by his
Subjects--Released--Invades the Netherlands--Succeeds to the Imperial
Throne by the Death of his Father--Philip the Fair proclaimed Duke
and Count--His wise Administration--Affairs of Friesland--Of
Guelders--Charles of Egmont--Death of Philip the Fair.
CHAPTER VI
FROM THE GOVERNMENT OF MARGARET OF AUSTRIA TO

THE ABDICATION OF THE EMPEROR CHARLES V
A.D. 1506--1555
Margaret of Austria invested with the Sovereignty--Her Character and
Government--Charles, Son of Philip the Fair, created Duke of Brabant
and Count of Flanders and Holland--The Reformation--Martin
Luther--Persecution of the Reformers--Battle of Pavia--Cession of
Utrecht to Charles V.--Peace of Cambray--The Anabaptists' Sedition at
Ghent--Expedition against Tunis and Algiers--Charles becomes
possessed of Friesland and Guelders--His increasing Severity against
the Protestants--His Abdication and Death--Review--Progress of
Civilization.
CHAPTER VII
FROM THE ACCESSION OF PHILIP II. OF SPAIN TO THE
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE INQUISITION IN THE
NETHERLANDS
A.D. 1555--1566
Accession of Philip
Continue reading on your phone by scaning this QR Code

 / 167
Tip: The current page has been bookmarked automatically. If you wish to continue reading later, just open the Dertz Homepage, and click on the 'continue reading' link at the bottom of the page.