History of Phoenicia | Page 3

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Etext prepared by John Bickers, [email protected] and Dagny,
[email protected]

HISTORY OF
P H ΠN I C I A
by GEORGE RAWLINSON, M.A.

First Published 1889 by Longmans, Green, and Co.

Camden Professor of Ancient History in the University of Oxford
Canon of Canterbury Corresponding Member of the Royal Academy of
Turin

TO THE
CHANCELLOR, VICE-CHANCELLOR, and SCHOLARS Of The
UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD This Work His Last as Occupant of a
Professorial Chair Is Dedicated As a Token of Respect and Gratitude
By The CAMDEN PROFESSOR Oct. 1 MDCCCLXXXIX

PREPARER'S NOTE
The original text contains a number of characters that are not available
even in 8-bit Windows text. Where possible these have been
represented with a similar letter, but some things, e.g. Hebrew script,

have been omitted.
The 8-bit version of this text includes Windows font characters. These
may be lost in 7-bit versions of the text, or when viewed with different
fonts.
Greek text has been transliterated within brackets "{}" using an Oxford
English Dictionary alphabet table. Diacritical marks have been lost.
Phœnician or other Semitic text has been replaced with an ellipsis in
brackets, i.e. "{...}".
The numerous sketches and maps in the original have also been
omitted.

PREFACE
Histories of Phœnicia or of the Phœnicians were written towards the
middle of the present century by Movers and Kenrick. The elaborate
work of the former writer[1] collected into five moderate-sized
volumes all the notices that classical antiquity had preserved of the
Religion, History, Commerce, Art, &c., of this celebrated and
interesting nation. Kenrick, making a free use of the stores of
knowledge thus accumulated, added to them much information derived
from modern research, and was content to give to the world in a single
volume of small size,[2] very scantily illustrated, the ascertained results
of criticism and inquiry on the subject of the Phœnicians up to his own
day. Forty-four years have since elapsed; and in the course of them
large additions have been made to certain branches of the inquiry,
while others have remained very much as they were before. Travellers,
like Robinson, Walpole, Tristram, Renan, and Lortet, have thrown
great additional light on the geography, geology, fauna, and flora of the
country. Excavators, like Renan and the two Di Cesnolas, have caused
the soil to yield up most valuable remains bearing upon the architecture,
the art, the industrial pursuits, and the manners and customs of the
people. Antiquaries, like M. Clermont-Ganneau and MM. Perrot and
Chipiez, have subjected the remains to careful examination and

criticism, and have definitively fixed the character of Phœnician Art,
and its position in the history of artistic effort. Researches are still
being carried on, both in Phœnicia Proper and in the Phœnician
dependency of Cyprus, which are likely still further to enlarge our
knowledge with respect to Phœnician Art and Archæology; but it is