Himalayan Journals, vol 1 | Page 8

the Soane River above
Tura, with the Kymore Hills in the background. p.47 Fig. 3. Equatorial
sun-dial, Benares Observatory. p.74 Fig. 4. Equinoctial sun-dial,
Benares Observatory. p.75 Fig. 5. Azimuth circle, Benares Observatory.
p.76 Fig. 6. Monghyr on the Ganges. p.88 Fig. 7. Punkabaree, Sikkim

Terai, and Balasun River. The trees in the foreground are _Araliaceae._
p.105 Fig. 8. Lepcha girl and Boodhist priest. From a sketch by Miss
Colvile. p.129 Fig. 9. _Pinus longifolia,_ in the great Rungeet Valley.
p.148 Fig. 10. Construction of a cane suspension-bridge. p.149 Fig. 11.
Lepcha boy carrying a bamboo water-vessel. From a sketch by Miss
Colvile. p.156 Fig. 12. Amulet usually worn by Lepchas. p.161 Fig. 13.
Trunk-like root of _Wightia gigantea,_ ascending a tree, which its stout
rootlets clasp. p.164 Fig. 14. Interior of Boodhist temple at Simonbong.
p.172 Fig. 15. Trumpet made of a human thigh-bone. p.173 Fig. 16.
Tibetan amulet set with turquoises. p.176 Fig. 17. Head of Tibet
Mastiff. From a sketch taken in the zoological gardens by C. Jenyns,
Esq. p.203 Fig. 18. View on the Tambur River, with Ambies
brunoniana. p.207 Fig. 19. Wallanchoon village, East Nepal. p.210 Fig.
20. Head of a Tibetan demon. From a model in the possession of
Captain H. Strachey. p.226 Fig. 21. Ancient moraines surrounding the
lower lake-bed in the Yangma valley (looking west). p.234 Fig. 22.
Second lake-bed in the Yangma valley, with Nango mountain, (looking
east). p.237 Fig. 23. Diagram of the terraces and glacial boulders, etc.,
at the fork of the Yangma valley (looking north-west up the valley).
The terraces are represented as much too level and angular, and the
boulders too large, the woodcut being intended as a diagram rather than
as a view. p.242 Fig. 24. View of the head of the Yangma valley, and
ancient moraines of debris, which rise in confused hills several hundred
feet above the floor of the valley below the Kanglachem pass (elevation
16,000 feet). p.245 Fig. 25. Skulls of _Ovis ammon._ Sketched by J. E.
Winterbottom, Esq. p.249 Fig. 26. Ancient moraines, in which small
lake-beds occur, in the Kambachen valley (elevation 11,400 feet).
p.260 Fig. 21. Brass box to contain amulets, from Tibet. p.270 Fig. 23.
Pemiongchi goompa (or temple) with Chaits in the foreground. p.286
Fig. 29. Costumes of Sikkim lamas and monks, with the bell, mani,
dobje, and trident. p.291 Fig. 30. The Do-mani stone, with gigantic
Tibetan characters. p.294 Fig. 31. Implements of worship in the Sikkim
temples. p.314 Fig. 32. Chaits at Tassiding, with decayed funereal
cypresses. p.316 Fig. 33. Vestibule of temple at Tassiding. p.319 Fig.
34. Southern temple, at Tassiding. p.320 Fig. 35. Middle temple, at
Tassiding, with mounted yaks. p.321 Fig. 36. Chair, altar, and images
in the great temple at Tassiding. p.322 Fig. 37. Ground-plan of

southern temple at Tassiding. p.323 Fig. 38. Interior of temple at
Pemiongchi, the walls covered with allegorical paintings. p.329 Fig. 39.
Doobdi temple, with young and old funereal cypress. p.337 Fig. 40.
Summit of Kinchinjunga, with Pundim on the right; its black cliff
traversed by white granite veins. p.347 Fig. 41. Image of Maitrya, the
coming Boodh. p.357 Fig. 42. Stone altar, and erection for burning
juniper ashes. p.361 Fig. 43. Facsimile of the vermilion seal of the
Dhurma Rajah of Bhotan, head of the Dookpa sect of Boodhists.
Opposite p.372 Fig. 44. A Mech, native of the Sikkim Terai. Sketched
by Miss Colvile. p.406 Fig. 45. Mech pocket-comb (of wood). p.408
HIMALAYAN JOURNALS.

CHAPTER I.
Sunderbunds vegetation -- Calcutta Botanic Garden -- Leave for
Burdwan -- Rajah's gardens and menagerie -- Coal-beds, geology, and
plants of -- Lac insect and plant -- Camels -- Kunker -- Cowage --
Effloresced soda on soil -- Glass, manufacture of -- Atmospheric
vapours -- Temperature, etc. -- Mahowa oil and spirits -- Maddaobund
-- Jains -- Ascent of Paras-nath -- Vegetation of that mountain.
I left England on the 11th of November, 1847, and performed the
voyage to India under circumstances which have been detailed in the
Introduction. On the 12th of January, 1848, the "Moozuffer" was
steaming amongst the low swampy islands of the Sunderbunds. These
exhibit no tropical luxuriance, and are, in this respect, exceedingly
disappointing. A low vegetation covers them, chiefly made up of a
dwarf-palm (_Phoenix paludosa_) and small mangroves, with a few
scattered trees on the higher bank that runs along the water's edge,
consisting of fan-palm, toddy-palm, and _Terminalia._ Every now and
then, the paddles of the steamer tossed up the large fruits of _Nipa
fruticans,_ a low stemless palm that grows in the tidal waters of the
Indian ocean, and bears a large head of nuts. It is a plant of no interest
to the common observer, but of much to the geologist, from the nuts of

a similar plant abounding in the