Graded Lessons in English | Page 9

verb in all its forms, except two (the participle and the infinitive, see Lessons 48 and 49), is to +assert+. This it does whether the sentence affirms, denies, or asks a question.
+To the Teacher+.--In the exercises of this and the next two Lessons, let the pupils note the agreement of the verb with its subject. See Notes, pp. 163-165.
Supply, to each of the following nouns, as many appropriate verbs as you can think of.
Let some express being or state of being.
Water ----. Wind ----. Pens ----. Parrots ----. Vines ----. Farmers ----. Trees ----. Ministers ----.
One verb may consist of two, three, or four words; as, is singing, will be sung, might have been sung.
Form verbs by combining the words in columns 2 and 3, and add these verbs to all the nouns in column 1 with which they appropriately combine.
1 | 2 | 3 -------|------------------|------------ Laws | has been | published. Clouds | have been | paid. Food | will be | restored. Health | should have been | preserved. Taxes | may be | collected. Books | are | obeyed.
The examples you have written are sentences; the nouns are subjects, and the verbs are predicates.
As verbs are the only words that assert, +every predicate+ must be a +verb+, or must contain a verb.
Be prepared to analyze and parse five of the sentences that you have written.
+Model+.--Laws are obeyed. Diagram and analyze as in Lesson 11.
+Parsing+.--Laws is a noun, because----; are obeyed is a verb, because it asserts action.

LESSON 17.
Select and write all the verbs in the sentences given in Lessons 28, 31, 34, and tell why they are verbs.

LESSON 18.
SENTENCE-BUILDING.
From the following nouns and verbs, build as many sentences as possible, taking care that every one makes good sense.
Poems, was conquered, lambs, rebellion, stars, forests, shone, were seen, were written, treason, patriots, meteors, fought, were discovered, frisk, Cain, have fallen, fled, stream, have crumbled, day, ages, deer, are flickering, are bounding, gleamed, voices, lamps, rays, were heard, are gathering, time, death, friends, is coming, will come.
+To the Teacher+.--Before this recitation closes, let the teacher open up the subject of Lesson 19. See "Hints for Oral Instruction."

LESSON 19.
PRONOUNS.
+Hints for Oral Instruction+.--We propose to introduce you now to the third part of speech. +T.--+If I should ask who whispered, and some boy should promptly confess, what would he say? +P.--+I whispered. +T.--+Would he mention his own name? +P.--+No. +T.--+What word would he use instead? +P.--+I.
+T.--+Suppose that I had spoken to that boy and had accused him of whispering, how should I have addressed him without mentioning his name? +P.--+You whispered. +T.--+What word would be used instead of the name of the boy to whom I spoke? +P.--+You.
+T.--+Suppose that, without using his name, I had told you what he did, what should I have said? +P.--+He whispered. +T.--+What word would have been used instead of the name of the boy of whom I spoke? +P.--+He.
(Repeat these questions and suppose the pupil to be a girl.)
+T.--+If I should tell that boy to close his book, when his book was already closed, what would he say without mentioning the word book? +P.--+It is closed.
+T.--+If I should accuse several of you of whispering, and one should speak for himself and for the others whispering with him, what would he say? We whispered.
+T--+Suppose that a boy should inform me that all of the boys on that seat had whispered, what would he say? +P.--+They whispered.
I, you, he, she, it, we, and they are not names, but they are used instead of names. We call such words +Pronouns+.
+DEFINITION.--A Pronoun is a word used for a noun+.
+CAPITAL LETTERS--RULE.--The words I and O should be written in capital letters+.
Analysis and Parsing.
+Model.--+You will be rewarded.
+Oral Analysis--+This is a sentence, because----; you is the subject, because----; will be rewarded is the predicate, because----.
+Parsing.--+You is a pronoun, because it stands for the name of the person spoken to; will be rewarded is a verb, because----.
1. We think. 2. She prattles. 3. We have recited. 4. I study. 5. You have been seen. 6. It has been decided. 7. He was punished. 8. They are conquered. 9. Thou art adored.
Compose nine similar sentences, using a pronoun for the subject of each, and diagram them.
+To the Teacher.--+Call special attention to the agreement of the verb with I and you. See Notes, p. 164.
Before this recitation closes, explain "Modified Subject." See "Hints for Oral Instruction."

LESSON 20.
MODIFIED SUBJECT.
+Hints for Oral Instruction.--+The Subject and the Predicate may be considered as the foundation on which every sentence is built. No sentence can be constructed without them.
You have already learned that these parts alone, sometimes make a complete structure; but we are about to show you that they are often used as the foundation of a structure, which is completed by adding other parts.
I hold in my hand