Elves and Heroes | Page 2

diminutive race whose arrow-heads of flint were so long regarded as "elf-bolts." The fairies dwelt only in grassy knolls, on the summits of high hills, and inside cliffs. Although capable of living for several centuries, they were not immortal. They required food, and borrowed meal and cooking utensils from human beings, and always returned what they received on loan. They could be heard within the knolls grinding corn and working at their anvils, and they were adepts at spinning and weaving and harvesting. When they went on long journeys they became invisible, and were carried through the air on eddies of western wind.
At the seasonal changes of the year, "the wee folk" were for several days on end inspired, like all other supernatural furies, with enmity against mankind. Their evil influences were negatived by spells and charms. We who still hang on our walls at Christmas the mystic holly, are unconsciously perpetuating an old-world custom connected with belief in the efficacy of the magical circle to protect us against evil spirits. And in our concern about luck, our proneness to believe in omens, the influence of colours and numbers, in dreams and in prophetic warnings, we retain as much of the spirit as the poetry of the religion of our remote ancestors.
THE HEROES.
The heroes, with the exception of Cuchullin, who appear in this volume, figure in the tales and poems of the Ossianic or Fian Cycle, which is common to Ireland and to Scotland. They have been neglected by our Scottish poets since Gavin Douglas and Barbour. In Ireland the Fians are a band of militia--the original Fenians. In Scotland the tales vary considerably, and belong to the hunting period before the introduction of agriculture. But in this country, as well as in Ireland, they are evidently influenced by historic happenings. There are tales of Norse conflicts, as well as tales of adventure among giants and spirits.
The cycle had evidently remote beginnings. When we find Diarmid and Grainnè, like Paris and Helen, the cause of conflict and disaster; and Diarmid, like Achilles, charmed of body, and vulnerable only on his heel-spot, we incline to the theory that from a mid-European centre migrating "waves" swept over prehistoric Greece, and left traces of their mythology and folk-lore in Homer, while other "waves," sweeping northward, bequeathed to us as a literary inheritance the Celtic folk-tales, in which the deeds and magical attributes of remote tribal heroes and humanised deities are co-mingled and perpetuated.
On fragments of these folk-tales the poet Macpherson reared his Ossianic epic, in imitation of the Iliad and Paradise Lost.
The "Death of Cuchullin" is a rendering in verse of an Irish prose translation of a fragment of the Cuchullin Cycle, which moves in the Bronze Age period. Cuchullin, with "the light of heroes" on his forehead, is also reminiscent of Achilles. One of the few Cuchullin tales found in Scotland is that which relates his conflict with his son, and bears a striking similarity to the legend of Sohrab and Rustum. Macpherson also drew from this Cycle in composing his Ossian, and mingled it with the other, with which it has no connection.
The third great Celtic Cycle--the Arthurian--bears close resemblances, as Campbell, of "The West Highland Tales," has shown, to the Fian Cycle, and had evidently a common origin. Its value as a source of literary inspiration has been fully appreciated, but the Fian and Cuchullin cycles still await, like virgin soil, to yield an abundant harvest for the poets of the future.
Notes on the folk-beliefs and tales will be found at the end of this volume.
Some of the short poems have appeared in the "Glasgow Herald" and "Inverness Courier"; the three tales appeared in the "Celtic Review."
CONTENTS.
Preface
The Wee Folk
The Remnant Bannock
The Banshee
Conn, Son of the Red
The Song of Goll
The Blue Men of the Minch
The Urisk
The Nimble Men
My Gunna
The Gruagach
The Little Old Man of the Barn
Yon Fairy Dog
The Water-Horse
The Changeling
My Fairy Lover
The Fians of Knockfarrel
Her Evil Eye
A Cursing
Leobag's Warning
Tober Mhuire
Sleepy Song
Song of the Sea
The Death of Cuchullin
Lost Songs
OTHER POEMS.
The Dream
Free Will
Strife
Sonnet
"Out of the Mouths of Babes"
Notes
THE WEE FOLK.
In the knoll that is the greenest,?And the grey cliff side,?And on the lonely ben-top?The wee folk bide;?They'll flit among the heather,?And trip upon the brae--?The wee folk, the green folk, the red folk and grey.
As o'er the moor at midnight?The wee folk pass,?They whisper 'mong the rushes?And o'er the green grass;?All through the marshy places?They glint and pass away--?The light folk, the lone folk, the folk that will not stay.
O many a fairy milkmaid?With the one eye blind,?Is 'mid the lonely mountains?By the red deer hind;?Not one will wait to greet me,?For they have naught to say--?The hill folk, the still folk, the folk that flit away.
When the golden moon is glinting?In the deep, dim wood,?There's a fairy piper playing?To the elfin brood;?They