Chess Strategy | Page 6

is no
piece between the Rook and King.
Diagram 3 shows a position in which White has castled on the Queen's
side, and Black on the King's side. Castling is not permitted if the King
in castling must pass over a square attacked by a hostile piece. A square
(or a piece) is said to be "attacked" when the square (or the piece) is in
the line of action of a hostile unit. A square (or a piece) is said to be
covered or protected if an opposing piece occupying that square (or
capturing the piece) could itself be captured.
When attacking the King it is customary to call "check," to notify the
opponent of the fact; for the attack on the King

---------------------------------------
8 | | | | #R | | #R | #K | |

|---------------------------------------|
7 | #P | #P | | | | #P | #P | #P |

|---------------------------------------|
6 | | | # P | | # P | | | |

|---------------------------------------|
5 | | | | | | | | |

|---------------------------------------|
4 | | | | ^ P | | | | |

|---------------------------------------|
3 | | | | | | | | |

|---------------------------------------|
2 | ^P | ^P | ^P | | | ^P | ^P | ^P |

|---------------------------------------|
1 | | | ^K | ^R | | | | ^R |

---------------------------------------
A B C D E F G H



Diag. 3.
must be met in some way or other. This can be done by capturing the
attacker or by interposing a piece (this is not possible in case of attack
by a Knight or a pawn), or lastly by moving the King to a square which
is not attacked. The latter must not be done by castling. If it is
impossible by any of the three methods above mentioned to avoid the
attack upon the King, the King is said to be checkmated, and the game
is ended.
If a King is unable to move, though not attacked, and none of his
remaining pieces can move, the King is said to be stale-mated, and the
game is drawn. A game is also drawn when neither side has sufficient
material left to enforce a