A Study of Pueblo Pottery as Illustrative of Zuñi Culture Growth

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A Study of Pueblo Pottery as Illustrative of Zu?i Culture Growth

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Title: A Study of Pueblo Pottery as Illustrative of Zu?i Culture Growth. Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1882-83, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1886, pages 467-522
Author: Frank Hamilton Cushing
Release Date: November 28, 2005 [EBook #17170]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION----BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY.
* * * * *
A STUDY
of
PUEBLO POTTERY
AS ILLUSTRATIVE OF ZU?I CULTURE GROWTH.
BY FRANK HAMILTON CUSHING.

CONTENTS.
Habitations affected by environment 473 Rectangular forms developed from circular 475 Flat and terraced roofs developed from sloping mesa-sites 477 Added stories developed from limitations of cliff-house sites 479 Communal pueblos developed from congregation of cliff-house tribes 480
Pottery affected by environment 482 Anticipated by basketry 483 Suggested by clay-lined basketry 485 Influenced by local minerals 493 Influenced by materials and methods used in burning 495
Evolution of forms 497
Evolution of decoration 506
Decorative symbolism 510
ILLUSTRATIONS.
FIG. Page. 490.--A Navajo hut or hogan 473 491.--Perspective view of earliest or Round-house structures of lava 474 492.--Plan of same 475 493.--Section of same 475 494.--Evolution of rectangular forms in primitive architecture 476 495.--Section illustrating evolution of flat roof and terrace 477 496.--Perspective view of a typical solitary-house 478 497.--Plan of a typical solitary-house 478 498.--Typical cliff-dwelling 479 499.--Typical terraced-pueblo--communal type 480 500.--Ancient gourd-vessel encased in wicker 483 501.--Havasupaí roasting-tray, with clay lining 484 502.--Zu?i roasting-tray of earthenware 485 503.--Havasupaí boiling-basket 486 504.--Sketch illustrating the first stage in manufacture of latter 486 505.--Sketch illustrating the second stage in manufacture of latter 486 506.--Sketch illustrating the third stage in manufacture of latter 486 507.--Typical example of basket decoration 487 508.--Typical example of basket decoration 487 509.--Typical example of basket decoration 487 510.--Terraced lozenge decoration or "Double-splint-stitch-form." (Shú k'u tu lia tsí nan) 488 511.--Terraced lozenge decoration or "Double-splint-stitch-form." (Shú k'u tu lia tsí nan) 488 512.--Double-splint-stitch, from which same was elaborated 488 513.--Double-splint-stitch, from which same was elaborated 488 514.--Diagonal parallel-line decoration. (Shú k'ish pa tsí nan) 488 515.--Study of splints at neck of unfinished basket illustrating evolution of latter 489 516.--Example of indented decoration on corrugated ware 490 517.--Example of indented decoration on corrugated ware 490 518.--Cooking pot of spirally built or corrugated ware, showing conical projections near rim 490 519.--The same, illustrating modification of latter 491 520.--Wicker water-bottle, showing double loops for suspension 491 521.--Water-bottle of corrugated ware, showing double handle 492 522.--The same, showing also plain bottom 492 523.--Food trencher or bowl of impervious wicker-work 497 524.--Latter inverted, as used in forming bowls 497 525.--Ancient bowl of corrugated ware, showing comparative shallowness 498 526.--Basket-bowl as base-mold for large vessels 499 527.--Clay nucleus illustrating beginning of a vessel 499 528.--The same shaped to form the base of a vessel 499 529.--The same as first placed in base-mold, showing beginning of spiral building 500 530.--First form of vessel 500 531.--Secondary form in mold, showing origin of spheroidal type of jar 501 532.--Scrapers or trowels of gourd and earthen-ware for smoothing pottery 501 533.--Finished form of a vessel in mold, showing amount of contraction in drying 501 534.--Profile of olla or modern water-jar 502 535.--Base of same, showing circular indentation at bottom 502 536.--Section of same, showing central concavity and circular depression 502 537.--"Milkmaid's boss," or annular mat of wicker for supporting round vessels on the head in carrying 503 538.--Use of annular mat illustrated 503 539.--Section of incipient vessel in convex-bottomed basket-mold 504 540.--Section of same as supported on annular mat and wad of soft substance, for drying 504 541.--Modern base-mold as made from the bottom of water jar 504 542.--Example of Pueblo painted-ornamentation illustrating decorative value of open spaces 506 543 and 544.--Amazonian basket-decorations, illustrating evolution of the above characteristic 507 545.--Bowl, showing open or unjoined space in lines near rim 510 546.--Water-jar, showing open or unjoined space in lines near rim 510 547.--Conical or flat-bellied canteen 512 548 and 549.--The same, compared with human mammary gland 513 550.--Double-lobed or hunter canteen (Me′ wi k'i lik ton ne), showing teat-like projections and open spaces of contiguous lines 514 551.--Native painting of deer, showing space-line from mouth to heart 515 552.--Native painting of sea serpent, showing space-line from mouth to