The Black Death and The Dancing Mania

The Black Death and The Dancing Mania

INTRODUCTION

Justus Friedrich Karl Hecker was one of three generations of
distinguished professors of medicine. His father, August Friedrich
Hecker, a most industrious writer, first practised as a physician in
Frankenhausen, and in 1790 was appointed Professor of Medicine at
the University of Erfurt. In 1805 he was called to the like professorship
at the University of Berlin. He died at Berlin in 1811.
Justus Friedrich Karl Hecker was born at Erfurt in January, 1795. He
went, of course--being then ten years old--with his father to Berlin in
1805, studied at Berlin in the Gymnasium and University, but
interrupted his studies at the age of eighteen to fight as a volunteer in
the war for a renunciation of Napoleon and all his works. After
Waterloo he went back to his studies, took his doctor's degree in 1817
with a treatise on the "Antiquities of Hydrocephalus," and became
privat-docent in the Medical Faculty of the Berlin University. His
inclination was strong from the first towards the historical side of
inquiries into Medicine. This caused him to undertake a "History of
Medicine," of which the first volume appeared in 1822. It obtained rank
for him at Berlin as Extraordinary Professor of the History of Medicine.
This office was changed into an Ordinary professorship of the same
study in 1834, and Hecker held that office until his death in 1850.
The office was created for a man who had a special genius for this form
of study. It was delightful to himself, and he made it delightful to
others. He is regarded as the founder of historical pathology. He studied
disease in relation to the history of man, made his study yield to men
outside his own profession an important chapter in the history of
civilisation, and even took into account physical phenomena upon the

surface of the globe as often affecting the movement and character of
epidemics.
The account of "The Black Death" here translated by Dr. Babington
was Hecker's first important work of this kind. It was published in 1832,
and was followed in the same year by his account of "The Dancing
Mania." The books here given are the two that first gave Hecker a wide
reputation. Many other such treatises followed, among them, in 1865, a
treatise on the "Great Epidemics of the Middle Ages." Besides his
"History of Medicine," which, in its second volume, reached into the
fourteenth century, and all his smaller treatises, Hecker wrote a large
number of articles in Encyclopaedias and Medical Journals. Professor
J.F.K. Hecker was, in a more interesting way, as busy as Professor A.F.
Hecker, his father, had been. He transmitted the family energies to an
only son, Karl von Hecker, born in 1827, who distinguished himself
greatly as a Professor of Midwifery, and died in 1882.
Benjamin Guy Babington, the translator of these books of Hecker's,
belonged also to a family in which the study of Medicine has passed
from father to son, and both have been writers. B.G. Babington was the
son of Dr. William Babington, who was physician to Guy's Hospital for
some years before 1811, when the extent of his private practice caused
him to retire. He died in 1833. His son, Benjamin Guy Babington, was
educated at the Charterhouse, saw service as a midshipman, served for
seven years in India, returned to England, graduated as physician at
Cambridge in 1831. He distinguished himself by inquiries into the
cholera epidemic in 1832, and translated these pieces of Hecker's in
1833, for publication by the Sydenham Society. He afterwards
translated Hecker's other treatises on epidemics of the Middle Ages. Dr.
B.G. Babington was Physician to Guy's Hospital from 1840 to 1855,
and was a member of the Medical Council of the General Board of
Health. He died on the 8th of April, 1866.
H.M.

THE BLACK DEATH

CHAPTER I
--GENERAL OBSERVATIONS

That Omnipotence which has called the world with all its living
creatures into one animated being, especially reveals Himself in the
desolation of great pestilences. The powers of creation come into
violent collision; the sultry dryness of the atmosphere; the
subterraneous thunders; the mist of overflowing waters, are the
harbingers of destruction. Nature is not satisfied with the ordinary
alternations of life and death, and the destroying angel waves over man
and beast his flaming sword.
These revolutions are performed in vast cycles, which the spirit of man,
limited, as it is, to a narrow circle of perception, is unable to explore.
They are, however, greater terrestrial events than any of those which
proceed from the discord, the distress, or the passions of nations. By
annihilations they awaken new life; and when the tumult above and
below the earth is past, nature is renovated, and the mind awakens from