Project Trinity 1945-1946 | Page 3

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PROJECT TRINITY 1945-1946
by Carl Maag and Steve Rohrer

United States Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests Nuclear Test Personnel Review
Prepared by the Defense Nuclear Agency as Executive Agency for the Department of Defense
Destroy this report when it is no longer needed. Do not return to sender.
PLEASE NOITIfY THE DEFENSE NUCLEAR AGANCY, ATTN: STTI, WASINGTON D.C. 20305, IF YOUR ADDRESS IS INCORRECT, IF YOU WISH TO BE DELETED FROM THE DISTRIBUTION LIST, OR IF THE ADDRESSEE IS NO LONGER EMPLOYED BY YOUR ORGANIZATION.

Since declassified

CONTENTS:
LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FACT SHEET PREFACE

CHAPTERS
: 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Historical Background of Project TRINITY 1.2 The Project TRINITY Site 1.3 The Project TRINITY Organization 1.4 Military and Civilian Participants in Project TRINITY
2 THE ACTIVITIES AT PROJECT TRINITY 2.1 Preshot Activities 2.2 Detonation and Postshot Activities 2.3 Activities after 16 July 1945
3 RADIATION PROTECTION AT PROJECT TRINITY 3.1 Organization 3.2 Site Monitoring Group 3.3 Offsite Monitoring Group
4 DOSIMETRY ANALYSIS OF PARTICIPANTS IN PROJECT TRINITY 4.1 Film Badge Records 4.2 Gamma Radiation Exposure
REFERENCE LIST

LIST OF FIGURES
1-1 Location of Alamogordo Bombing Range 1-2 TRINITY Site and Major Installations 1-3 Tent Used as Guard Post at Project TRINITY 1-4 Truck Used as Guard Post at Project TRINITY 1-5 Organization of Project TRINITY 2-1 The TRINITY Shot-tower 2-2 The TRINITY Detonation, 0530 Hours, 16 July 1945 2-3 The South Shelter (Control Point) 2-4 Inside One of the Shelters 2-5 The Base Camp, Headquarters for Project TRINITY 2-5 The Base Camp, Headquarters for Project TRINITY 2-6 Project TRINITY Personnel Wearing Protective Clothing 2-7 "JUMBO" after the TRINITY Detonation

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
The following abbreviations and acronyms are used in this volume:
AEC Atomic Energy Commission DOD Department of Defense LASL Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory MAUD [Committee for the] Military Application of Uranium Detonation MED Manhattan Engineer District R/h roentgens per hour UTM Universal Transverse Mercator

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Data Entered): UNCLASSIFIED
1. REPORT NUMBER: DNA 6028F 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO.: 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER: 4. TITLE (and Subtitle): PROJECT TRINITY 1945-1946 5. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED: Final Report 6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER: JRB 2-816-03-423-00 7. AUTHOR(S): Carl Maag, Steve Rorer 8. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER(S): DNA 001-79-C-0473 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS: JRB Associates 8400 Westpark Drive McLean, Virginia 22102 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT, TASK AREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS: Subtask U99QAXMK506-08 11. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS: Director Defense Nuclear Agency Washington, D.C. 20305 12. REPORT DATE: 15 December 1982 13. NUMBER OF PAGES: 76 14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & ADDRESS(if different from Controlling Office): 15. SECURITY CLASS. (of this report): UNCLASSIFIED 15a. DECLASSIFICATION/DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE: N/A Since UNCLASSIFIED 16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of this Report): Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of the abstract entered In Block 20, If different from Report): 18. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES: This work was sponsored by the Defense Nuclear Agency under RDT&E RMSS Code B350079464 U99QAXMK50608 H2590D. For sale by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.
The Defense Nuclear Agency Action Officer, Lt. Col. H. L. Reese, USAF, under whom this work was done, wishes to acknowledge the research and editing contribution of numerous reviewers in the military services and other organizations in addition to those writers listed in block 7.
19. KEY WORDS (Continue on reverse side if necessary and Identify by block number): TRINITY Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Alamogordo Bombing Range Manhattan Engineer District Manhattan Project Personnel Dosimetry Radiation Exposure Nuclear Weapons Testing 20. ABSTRACT: This report describes the activities of an estimated 1,000 personnel, both military and civilian, in Project TRINITY, which culminated in detonation of the first nuclear device, in New Mexico in 1945. Scientific and diagnostic experiments to evaluate the effects of the nuclear device were the primary activities engaging military personnel.

FACT SHEET
Defense Nuclear Agency Public Affairs Office Washington, D C. 20305
Subject: Project TRINITY
Project TRINITY, conducted by the Manhattan Engineer District (MED), was designed to test and assess the effects of a nuclear weapon. The TRINITY nuclear device was detonated on a 100-foot tower on the Alamogordo Bombing Range in south-central New Mexico at 0530 hours on 16 July 1945. The nuclear yield of the detonation was equivalent to the energy released by detonating 19 kilotons of TNT. At shot-time, the temperature was 21.8 degrees Celsius, and surface air pressure was 850 millibars. The winds were nearly calm at the surface; at 10,300 feet above mean sea level, they were from the southwest at 10 knots. The winds blew the cloud resulting from the detonation to the northeast. From 16 July