A Study of Pueblo Pottery as Illustrative of Zuñi Culture Growth

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A Study of Pueblo Pottery as
Illustrative of Zuñi Culture
Growth

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Illustrative
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Title: A Study of Pueblo Pottery as Illustrative of Zuñi Culture Growth.
Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of
the Smithsonian Institution, 1882-83, Government Printing Office,
Washington, 1886, pages 467-522
Author: Frank Hamilton Cushing
Release Date: November 28, 2005 [EBook #17170]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
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POTTERY ***

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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION----BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY.
* * * * *
A STUDY
of
PUEBLO POTTERY
AS ILLUSTRATIVE OF ZUÑI CULTURE GROWTH.
BY FRANK HAMILTON CUSHING.

CONTENTS.
Habitations affected by environment 473 Rectangular forms developed
from circular 475 Flat and terraced roofs developed from sloping
mesa-sites 477 Added stories developed from limitations of cliff-house
sites 479 Communal pueblos developed from congregation of
cliff-house tribes 480
Pottery affected by environment 482 Anticipated by basketry 483
Suggested by clay-lined basketry 485 Influenced by local minerals 493
Influenced by materials and methods used in burning 495
Evolution of forms 497

Evolution of decoration 506
Decorative symbolism 510
ILLUSTRATIONS.
FIG. Page. 490.--A Navajo hut or hogan 473 491.--Perspective view of
earliest or Round-house structures of lava 474 492.--Plan of same 475
493.--Section of same 475 494.--Evolution of rectangular forms in
primitive architecture 476 495.--Section illustrating evolution of flat
roof and terrace 477 496.--Perspective view of a typical solitary-house
478 497.--Plan of a typical solitary-house 478 498.--Typical
cliff-dwelling 479 499.--Typical terraced-pueblo--communal type 480
500.--Ancient gourd-vessel encased in wicker 483 501.--Havasupaí
roasting-tray, with clay lining 484 502.--Zuñi roasting-tray of
earthenware 485 503.--Havasupaí boiling-basket 486 504.--Sketch
illustrating the first stage in manufacture of latter 486 505.--Sketch
illustrating the second stage in manufacture of latter 486 506.--Sketch
illustrating the third stage in manufacture of latter 486 507.--Typical
example of basket decoration 487 508.--Typical example of basket
decoration 487 509.--Typical example of basket decoration 487
510.--Terraced lozenge decoration or "Double-splint-stitch-form." (Shú
k'u tu lia tsí nan) 488 511.--Terraced lozenge decoration or
"Double-splint-stitch-form." (Shú k'u tu lia tsí nan) 488
512.--Double-splint-stitch, from which same was elaborated 488
513.--Double-splint-stitch, from which same was elaborated 488
514.--Diagonal parallel-line decoration. (Shú k'ish pa tsí nan) 488
515.--Study of splints at neck of unfinished basket illustrating evolution
of latter 489 516.--Example of indented decoration on corrugated ware
490 517.--Example of indented decoration on corrugated ware 490
518.--Cooking pot of spirally built or corrugated ware, showing conical
projections near rim 490 519.--The same, illustrating modification of
latter 491 520.--Wicker water-bottle, showing double loops for
suspension 491 521.--Water-bottle of corrugated ware, showing double
handle 492 522.--The same, showing also plain bottom 492 523.--Food
trencher or bowl of impervious wicker-work 497 524.--Latter inverted,
as used in forming bowls 497 525.--Ancient bowl of corrugated ware,

showing comparative shallowness 498 526.--Basket-bowl as base-mold
for large vessels 499 527.--Clay nucleus illustrating beginning of a
vessel 499 528.--The same shaped to form the base of a vessel 499
529.--The same as first placed in base-mold, showing beginning of
spiral building 500 530.--First form of vessel 500 531.--Secondary
form in mold, showing origin of spheroidal type of jar 501
532.--Scrapers or trowels of gourd and earthen-ware for smoothing
pottery 501 533.--Finished form of a vessel in mold, showing amount
of contraction in drying 501 534.--Profile of olla or modern water-jar
502 535.--Base of same, showing circular indentation at bottom 502
536.--Section of same, showing central concavity and circular
depression 502 537.--"Milkmaid's boss," or annular mat of wicker for
supporting round vessels on the head in carrying 503 538.--Use of
annular mat illustrated 503 539.--Section of incipient vessel in
convex-bottomed basket-mold 504 540.--Section of same as supported
on annular mat and wad of soft substance, for drying 504 541.--Modern
base-mold as made from the bottom of water jar 504 542.--Example of
Pueblo painted-ornamentation illustrating decorative value of open
spaces 506 543 and 544.--Amazonian basket-decorations, illustrating
evolution of the above characteristic 507 545.--Bowl, showing open or
unjoined space in lines near rim 510 546.--Water-jar, showing open or
unjoined space in lines near rim 510 547.--Conical or flat-bellied
canteen 512 548 and 549.--The same, compared with human mammary
gland 513 550.--Double-lobed or hunter canteen (Me´ wi k'i lik ton ne),
showing teat-like projections and